Born in 1914 in London, United Kingdom
Died in 2003 in Stroud, United Kingdom

Lynn CHADWICK

Lynn Chadwick remains the most exciting of all the artists to emerge in the post war period in Britain. He won the international prize for sculpture at the Venice Biennale of 1956, becoming the youngest ever recipient of this prestigious prize: such triumph early in his career catapulted him overnight into being a major sculptor of the 20th century.
In the 1930’s Chadwick worked as an architectural draughtsman up until the Second World War, when he served as a pilot in the Fleet Air Arm. Subsequently, he succeeded in branching out as an independent sculptor. He focused on his kinetic works, characterised by sensuous moves that, undulating and rotating through space, could create virtual forms. These animated structures progressed in a varied and evolutionary process that culminated in an urgent need to make solid the implied forms. In 1950 Chadwick reached, through his newly acquired welding skills, his unique means of expression, “drawing in space”, in which he welded his steel rods together in triangulated structures and he subsequently filled the voids between the lines with a mixture of iron filings and gypsum.
Uninhibited by the constraints of a formal art education, Chadwick freely and instinctively invented images from his imagination, utilising his individual technique and creating a fantastic oeuvre of novel human and animal forms. His international recognition led to a dizzying programme of exhibitions and museum shows, private as well as public commissions.
The 1970’s and 80’s saw further advancements and metamorphoses into a faceted figuration, imposing beings with winged or robed bodies perched on slender tapered legs. He also channelled the essence of his own earlier mobiles in an art of motion, balance and stance in pursuit of a kind of body language that Chadwick himself described as ‘Attitude’. The 1990’s saw the reinterpretation of beasts and couples with the ineffable attitude of Chadwick’s earlier inventions in the reflective panels of sheet stainless steel, including a final reworking of the mobile form, on a monumental scale.
After a career that spanned five decades, Lynn Chadwick made his last work, Ace of Diamonds, in 1996. He passed away in 2003, the year Tate Britain devoted a major retrospective to him.

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solo shows

2015
- Lynn Chadwick, Skulturenpark Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
- Lynn Chadwick, Retrospective for Two Gardens, Bardini Gardens and Boboli Gardens, Florence, Italy

2014
- The Maker's Studio, Museum in the Park, Gloucestershire, UK
- Lynn Chadwick Centennial, Blain Southern, Berlin, Germany
- Lynn Chadwick a Centenary Exhibition, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- Lynn Chadwick Centennial, Blain Southern, London, UK
- Lynn Chadwick Centennial, Blainl Di Donna, New York, USA
- Lynn Chadwick, Gallery Pangolin, Stroud, UK
- Lynn Chadwick RA, Royal Academy of Arts Courtyard, London, UK

2013
- Sculpture from the Estate 1955-1995, New Albion Gallery, Melbourne, Australia
- Evolution in Sculpture, Abbott Hall and Blackwell Arts and Crafts House, Cumbria, UK

2012
- The Complete Candelabra 1959-1996, Willer Gallery, London, UK
- Beaux Arts, London, UK

2011
- The Couple 1954-1990, Pangolin London, London, UK
- Sculpture from the Estate 19505-1990s, New Albion Gallery, Sydney, Australia
- Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Stowe School, Buckingham, UK

2009
- Out of the Shadows: Unseen Sculpture of the 1960s, Pangolin London, London, and at Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Osborne Samuel, London, UK

2008
- Lynn Chadwick (and Daniel Chadwick), Elaine Baker Gallery, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
- Beaux Arts, London, UK

2007
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy

2006
- Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Osborne Samuel, London, UK

2005
- Celebrating Chadwick, The Museum in the Park, Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK

2004
- Lynn Chadwick and Sophie Chadwick, Trans-Art, Montpellier, France
- Dexia Banque Internationale, Parc Heintz et Galerie L'indépendence, Luxembourg
- Canary Wharf, London, UK

2003
- Tate Britain, London, UK
- Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy

2002
- Buschlen Mowatt, Palm Desert, California, USA
- Tasende Gallery, Los Angeles, California, USA

2001
- Elaine Baker Gallery, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
- Beaux Arts, London, UK
- JGM Galerie, Paris, France

2000
- A selection of Sculptures from the Collection of the Philip and Muriel Berman Museum of Art, Butler Institute of American Art, Youngstown, Ohio, USA
- A selection of Sculptures from the Collection of the Philip and Muriel Berman Museum of Art, Zoellner Arts Center, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
- Buschlen Mowatt Gallery, Vancouver, Canada

1999
- Beaux Arts, London, UK
- A selection of Sculptures from the Collection of the Philip and Muriel Berman Museum of Art, Ball State University Museum of Art, Muncie, Indiana, USA

1998
- The Edwin A. Ulrich Museum of Art, Wichita State University, Wichita, USA
- A Selection of Sculptures from the Collection of the Philip and Muriel Berman Museum of Art, The Knoxville Museum of Art, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

1997
- Philharmonic Center for the Arts, Naples, Florida, USA
- Fondation Veranneman, Kruishoutem, Belgium
- Galería Freites, Caracas, Venezuela
- Freites-Revilla Gallery, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy

1996
- Gimpel Fils & Berkeley Square Gallery, London, UK
- Yeh Gallery, Seoul, Korea
- Soho Square, Golden Square, Mount Street Gardens, London, UK

1995
- The Minories, Colchester, UK
- Cleveland Gallery, Middlesborough, USA

1994
- Lillian Heidenberg Gallery, New York, USA
- Beaux Arts Gallery, Bath, UK

1993
- Galería Freites, Caracas, Venezuela
- Cheltenham Art Gallery & Museum, UK
- Millfield School, Street, UK
- Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Economist Plaza, London, UK

1992
- Hong Kong Land Property Company, Rotunda Square, Hong Kong
- Ann Jaffe Gallery, Bay Harbor Islands, Florida, USA
- Gallery Universe, Tokyo, Japan
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- Galerie Marbeau, Paris, France

1991
- Marlborough Gallery, New York, USA
- Berman Museum of Art, Ursinus College, Pennsylvania, USA
- Galerie Am Lindenplatz, Liechtenstein
- The Museum of Modern Art, Toyama, Japan

1990
- Ann Jaffe Gallery, Bay Harbor Islands, Florida, USA
- Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Sofia Imber, Caracas, Venezuela

1989
- Marlborough Gallery, London, UK
- Beaux Arts, Bath, UK
- Galerie Aeblegaarden, Copenhague, Denmark 
- Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK

1988
- Galerie Nova Spectra, La Haye, Netherlands
- Waddington and Shiell, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Galeria Freites, Caracas, Venezuela
- Goldman-Kraft Gallery, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Galerie Ninety-nine, Bay Harbor Islands, Florida, USA

1987
- Erika Meyerovich Gallery, San Francisco, California, USA

1986
- Dennis Hotz Fine Art, Johannesburg, South Africa 
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy 
- Beaux Arts, Bath, UK
- Gallery Nii, Osaka, Japan

1985
- Marlborough Gallery, New York, USA
- Harmony Hall, Ocho Rios, Jamaica

1984
- Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK 
- Theo Waddington, Montréal, Quebec, Canada

1983
- Margaret Fisher, London, UK
- Galerie Herbage, Cannes, France
- Gallery Ueda, Tokyo, Japan (with Victor Pasmore)
- Mercury Gallery, Édimbourg, Scottland 

1982
- Christie's Contemporary Art, New York, USA (with Victor Pasmore)

1981
- Galería Freites, Caracas, Venezuela
- Theo Waddington, Montréal, Québec, Canada 

1980
- Theo Waddington Galleries, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Fondation Veranneman, Kruishoutem, Belgium (with Karolus Lodenkämper)
- Galerie Municipale d'Exposition, Saint-Priest, France (lent by Galerie Regards)
- Galerie Farber, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Galerie Regards, Paris, France

1979
- Galerie d'Eendt, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Stokefield House, Thornbury, Avon, UK
- David Hendriks Gallery, Dublin, Irland
- Keys Gallery, Londonderry, Irland
- Century Galleries, Henley-on-Thames, UK
- Galerie Tytte Funch, Aalborg, Denmark
- Galerie Ninety-nine, Bay Harbor Islands, Florida, USA

1978
- Galerie Nova Spectra, The Haye (with Roger Gillet), Netherlands
- Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Marlborough Galerie, Zurich, Switzerland
- Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK

1977
- Arte Contacto, Galería de Arte, Caracas, Venezuela

1976
- Stroud Festival, Gloucestershire, UK

1975
- Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Hokin Gallery, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Marlborough Godard, Toronto, Canada
- Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Wolpe Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa
- Arte Contacto Galería de Arte, Caracas, Venezuela (collaboration with Marlborough Gallery, New York, USA)
- Galerie Carlssen, Göteborg, Sweeden
- Galleria Toninelli, Milan, Italy

1974
- Galerie Farber, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Marlborough Galleria d'Arte, Roma, Italy
- Marlborough Galerie, Zurich, Switzerland 
- Jiyugaoka Gallery, Tokyo, Japan
- Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK

1972
- City Art Gallery, Plymouth, UK
- City Art Gallery, Gloucester, UK
- Gallery Moos, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Galerie Zodiac, Geneva, Switzerland 
- Theo Waddington Galleries, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura, Japon

1971
- Charlottenborgs Efterársudstilling, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dorsky Gallery, New York, USA
- Galeria Wspólczesna, Varsovia, Poland

1970
- Kunstpavillon, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Court Gallery, Copenhagen

1969
- Dorsky Gallery, New York, USA
- Galerie Withofs, Bruxelles, Belgium

1968
- Theo Waddington Galleries, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 
- Galerie Gérald Cramer, Geneva
- Galerie D'Eendt, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy

1966
- Galerie Wilhelm Grosshennig, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Marlborough New London Gallery, UK
- Galerie Günther Franke, Munich, Germany

1965
- Knoedler Galleries, New York, USA

1964
- Nordjyllands Kunstmuseum, Aalborg, Denmark
- Galerie Wilhelm Grosshennig, Düsseldorf, Germany

1963
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy (with Kenneth Armitage)
- Forum Galleries, Bristol, UK

1962
- Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura, Japon 

1961
- Käthe-Kollwitz Gymnasium, Dortmund, Germany
- M. Knoedler, New York, USA

1960
- College of Art Gallery, Gloucester, UK (with John Piper),
- Svea-Galleriet, Stockholm, Sweeden
- Konstforening, Göteborg, Sweeden
- Louisiana Museum, Humlebaek, Denmark
- Städtische Kunstsammlung, Nuremberg, Germany
- Haus am Waldsee, Berlin, Germany
- Städtische Kunstmuseum, Duisburg, Germany
- Ulmer Museum, Ulm, Germany

1959
- Galerie Daniel Cordier, Frankfurt, Germany 
- Galerie Charles Lienhard, Zurich, Switzerland

1958
- Galerie Daniel Cordier, Paris, France

1957
- Arts Council Gallery, Londres, UK
- Palais des Beaux-Arts, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, Netherland
- Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris, France
- Städtische Galerie, Munich, Germany
- Wiener Secession, Vienna, Austria
- Gimpel Fils, London, UK

group shows

2019 
- Lynn Chadwick, Katja Strunz, Hans Uhlmann: Biester Der Zeit, Georg Kolbe Museum, Berlin, Germany

2018
- GIACOMETTI-CHADWICK FACING FEAR, Museum de Fundatie, Zwolle, Netherlands

2014
- Post War Britain: Festivities and Fears, Middlesborough Institute of Modern Art, Middlesborough, UK
- Crucible, Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, UK
 
2013
- Sculptor's Prints and Drawings, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, UK
- Il Senso e le Forme Da Chadwick a Bonalumi, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- Folk Devil, David Zwirner Gallery, New York, USA
- Power.Delusion.Vision - The Tower and Urban Giants in Sculpture, Stadtische Museen, Heilbronn, Germany
- Uproar! The First 50 Years of the London Group 1913-1963, Ben Uri Gallery, London, UK

2012
- Exorcising the Fear. British Sculpture from the 50s and 60s, Pangolin London, UK
- Sculptor's Prints and Drawings, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, UK
- News from Nowhere, firstsite, Colchester, Essex, UK
- British Moderns Remade at Park Hill Flats, Sheffield, UK 
- Treasures of Gloucestershire, Prinknash Abbey Park, UK
- A Celebration, Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Sculptors' Drawings and Works on paper, Pangolin London, UK
 
2011
- Sculptor's Prints and Drawings, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, UK
- British sculpture in the 21st century, Cass Sculpture Foundation, Goodwood, West Sussex, UK
- Soulmates, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Summer show, Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Fresh Air 201 I, Quenington Sculpture Trust, Gloucestershire, UK
- Strange Beasts, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- 20th Century British Art, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- A Decade of Sculpture in the Garden, Harold Martin Botanic Garden, University of Leicester, UK 
- Art in the Garden, Painswick Rococo Garden, Painswick, Gloucestershire, UK
- Sculptures, Prints and Drawings, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Beyond Limits with Sotheby's at Chatsworth House, Bakewell, Derbyshire, UK
- This is Sculpture, Tate Liverpool, UK
- Lynn Chadwick, Osborne Samuel, London, UK

2010
- Abstract & nature, Contemporary Sculpture in the West Garden, Hatfield House, Hertfordshire, UK
- Modern British Art, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- Stirred for a Bird, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Summer Exhibition, Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Summer Exhibition, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- AT THE EDGE, British Art 1950-2000, Bolton Museum and Archive Service, UK
- Beyond Limits with Sotheby's at Chatsworth House, Bakewell, Derbyshire, UK
- Crucible, Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, UK
- Christmas Cracker, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
 -1880-1960, Tate Britain, London, UK
- Mapping Materials and Makers: Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951, Victoria and Albert Museum, UK

2009
- In the Mix I. An exhibition of Sculptures, Prints and Drawings, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- The Sculptor's Hand, a 30th Anniversary Exhibition, Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California, USA
- Fresh Air 2009, Quenington Sculpture Trust, Gloucestershire, UK
- A Celebration of British Sculpture, Harrold Martin Botanic Garden, University of Leicester, UK
- Modern British Art, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- In the Mix II: An Exhibition of Sculptures, Prints and Drawings, Pangolin London, UK
- Summer Exhibition, Beaux Arts, London, UK
 
2008
- 2D-3D: Discover the Art of Sculpture, The Lightbox, Woking, Surrey, UK
- Beyond limits with Sotheby's at Chatsworth House, Bakewell, Derbyshire, UK
- Century British Art, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- Revitalism, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Sterling Stuff II - Seventy Sculptures in Silver, Pangolin London, UK

2007
- Summer, Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Beyond limits with Sotheby's at Chatsworth House, Bakewell, Derbyshire, UK
- Fresh Air 2007, Quenington Sculpture Trust, Gloucestershire, UK
- Autumn Exhibition, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Strange Events Permit Themselves the Luxury of Occurring, Camden Arts Centre, London, UK

2006
- 60th Anniversary Show, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- Escultura Inglesa de Posguerra, Galería Freites, Caracas, Venezuela
- Summer'06, Beaux Arts, London, Summer, UK
- How to Improve the World, 6o years of British Art, Arts Council Collection, Hayward Gallery, London,UK
 
2005
- Aspects of British Sculpture, Beaux Arts, London, UK
- Out of the Melting Pot, Dexia Banque Internationale, Luxembourg 
- 20th Century British Art, Osborne Samuel, London, UK
- Cass Sculpture Foundation, Chichester, UK
- Goodwood, W Sussex, UK
 
 2004
- Public Art at Canary Wharf, London, UK
- 20th Century British Art, Berkeley Square Gallery and Scolar Fine Art, London, UK
- 236th Summer Exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts, London, UK 
- Beaux Arts, London, UK 
 
2003
- Public Art at Canary Wharf, London, UK
- Sterling Stuff, Sigurjon Olafsson Sculpture Museum, Rejkjavik, Iceland 
- Bad Ragatz, 2 Schweizerische Triennale der Skulptur in Bad Ragaz and Vaduz, Liechtenstein
- Sterling Stuff, Royal Academy of Arts, London, UK 
- 235th Summer Exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts, London, UK
- Quenington Sculpture Trust, Gloucestershire, UK
- 20th Century British Art, Berkeley Square Gallery and Scolar Art, London, UK
- Royal West of England Academy, 150th Autumn Exhibition, Bristol, UK
- Synergy, A Celebration of Contemporary Sculpture, UBS, London, UK
- Open Spaces, Vancouver International Sculpture Project - Third Biennale, Vancouver, Canada
 
2002
- Public Art at Canary Wharf, London, UK
- The Hakone Open-Air Museum & The Utsukushi-Ga-Hara Open-Air Museum, Hakone, Japan
- Themes and Variations, Post-War Art from the Guggenheim Collections, Venice, Italy
- British Contemporary Sculpture at Goodwood, Goodwood Sculpture Park, Sussex Newby Hall, UK
- Sculpture Park, Ripon, North Yorkshire, UK
- Berkeley Square Gallery Scolar Fine Art, UK
- 234th Summer Exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts, London, UK
- Animal Fantastique au Donjon de Vez, Vez, France
- Beaux-Arts, London, UK
- Thinking Big, Concepts for Twenty-First Century British Sculpture, Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice, Italy
- Blast to Freeze: British Art in the 2oth Century, UK
- Kunstmuseum, Wolfsburg, Germany
- Musée d'Art Contemporain Les Abattoirs, Toulouse, France
- Sterling Stuff, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Out of the Blu, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy

2001
- Kirkland International Outdoor Sculpture Exhibition 2001, Kirkland, Washington, USA
- Humanity Refigured : Henry Moore and Post-War British Sculpture, Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Canada
- Nouvel Accrochage, "Spring Season", JGM Galerie, Paris, France
- La Scultura Lingua Morta, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- Fresh Air 2001, Quenington Sculpture Trust, Gloucestershire, UK
- 20th Century British Art, London, UK
- Berkeley Square Gallery, London, UK
- Scolar Fine Art, London, UK
- Carnaval des Animaux, Den Haag Sculptuur, The Hague, Netherlands
- Breaking the Mould : 20th Century British Sculpture from Tate, Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery, Norwich, UK
- Summer 2001, Beaux Arts, London, UK
- "Vitalism", British Sculptors of the 50's, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK

2000
- L'homme qui Marche, Paris, France
- The Hague Sculpture 2000 - Man in Motion, The Hague, Netherlands
- Bronze: Contemporary British Sculpture, Holland Park, London, UK
- Sculpture, an Abbey and a Cathedral, Gloucester Cathedral, UK
- Abbey House Gardens, Malmesbury, UK
- Sculpture 2000, Milton Keynes, UK 
- Nature in Art, Gloucester, UK 
- Vancouver International Sculpture Project, Vancouver, Canada
- Sculpture at Kells 2000, Kilkenny, Ireland
- Galleria Cívica d'Arte Moderna, Spoleto, Italy
- Autumn 2000, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- British Contemporary Sculpture 00-01, Goodwood Sculpture Park, Goodwood, UK

1999
- Winter Exhibition, Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sculpture at Witley Court, Jerwood Sculpture Park, Worcestershire, UK
- The Shape of the Century, Salisbury Cathedral, UK
- September Fresh Air, The Fourth Quenington Sculpture Show, Gloucestershire, UK
- Den Haag Sculptuur 1999, The Hague, Netherlands
- Exposition Européenne des Sculptures Monumentales
- Museu de Arte Moderna, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Parque da Luz, São Paolo, Brasil
- Iron and Steel, Duveen Galleries, Tate Gallery, London, UK
- Less is More, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- Ten for the Century, a view of sculpture in Britain, De La Warr Pavllion, Bexhill-on-Sea, UK
- Noordbrabants Museum's Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
- The Transforming Power of Art, The Philip and Muriel Berman Museum of Art at Ursinus College, Pennsylvania, USA

1998
- Monumental Sculpture in the Elements, Kaoshiung Museum of Fine Arts, Taipei, Taiwan
- Il Segno dei Grandi, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- Champs de Sculpture, Taipei, Taiwan
- Fuoco Sacro, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- British Sculpture, Skulptur im Schlosspark Ambras, Austria
- Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
 
1997
- The New Art Centre at Roche Court, near Salisbury, UK
- Noi non abbiamo paura del blu, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- VIème Biennale de Sculpture, Monte Carlo, Monaco
- Fresh Air, The Third Quenington Sculpture Show, near Cirencester, UK
- Les Champs de la Sculpture, Paris-Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Wimpole Hall Sculpture Exhibition 1997, Royston, UK
- Artists of Fame and Promise, Beaux Arts Gallery, London, UK
- The New Steve Chase Art Wing, Palm Springs, California, USA
 
1996
- Les Champs de la Sculpture, Champs Elysées, Paris, France
- Symbols for '51, The Royal Festival Hall, London, UK
- Modern and Contemporary Masters, Freites Revilla Gallery, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
- La Valle della Scultura, de Rodin a Calder, I maestri del nostro secolo, Regione Autonoma Valle D'Aosta, Italy
- L’Art en Campagne 96, Art Contemporain 1960-1990, Saint-Hubert, Belgium
- British Contemporary Sculpture, 1996-97, Goodwood Sculpture Park, Goodwood, UK
- Desert Museum, California, USA

1995
- Europa Después del Diluvio, Arte de la Postguerra (1945-1965), Fundacio La Caixa, Barcelona, Spain
- Künstlerhaus, Vienna, September-December Veme Biennale de Sculpture, Monte Carlo, Monaco
- Skulptura Montreal 95 International, Canada
- Exhibition of Open Air Sculpture, Montreal, Canada
- A Collection Sculptures, 25th Anniversary of Caldic, Rotterdam, Neterlands
- Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
 
1994
- Spring Equinox Exhibition, Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California, USA
- The Human Form in 20th Century Art, James Goodman Gallery, New York, UK
- Art is Upon the Countryside, Brewery Arts, Quenington, UK
- Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- In Paradise, Chichester Festival, Chichester, UK
- Modern British Sculpture, Beaux Arts Gallery, London, UK
- Biennale Skulptuur 94, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Summer A Changing World: 50 Years of Sculpture from the British Council Collection, The State Russian Museum, St Petersburg, Russia

1993
- Bronze Bird, Gallery Pangolin, Chalford, Gloucestershire, UK
- From Inside to Outside, Miriam Shiell Gallery, Toronto, Canada
- Chelsea Harbour Sculpture 93, London, UK
- Gli Artisti della Blu 1957-1993, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- A British Vision of Art, City Art Gallery, Leeds, UK

1992
- Street Sculpture, Bath Contemporary Art Fair, Bath, UK
- British 20th Century Sculpture Exhibition, Millfield School, Street, UK
- Artistic Associations, with Daniel Chadwick, Gillian Jason Gallery, London, UK
- Miniature Museum, Reflex Modern Art Gallery, Amsterdam, Netherlands
 
1991
- Modern British Sculpture, Beaux Art Gallery, Bath, UK
- Re-opening Exhibition, Marlborough Gallery, London, UK
- International Sculpture, Marlborough Gallery, London, UK
- 12th Anniversary, Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California, USA
 
1990
- Arte Internacional en las Collecciones Canarias, Canary Islands, Spain

1989
- Corps-Figures, Artcurial Centre d'Art, Paris, France
- 10th Anniversary, Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California, USA
- Quand ils étaient jeunes ... Premières Œuvres de Grands Maîtres Européens, Institut de France, Musée Jacquemart André, Paris, France
- Paris Sculptures, Reliefs & Drawings, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- Modem Masters VI, CCA Galleries, London Benefit Auction of Contemporary Sculpture, Sotheby's, New York, USA
- Points of View = 20th Century Masters, Landau Fine Art, Toronto, Canada

1988
- Modern Art Museum, Tokushima, Japan
- XI Salon Annual de Arte Bijoux Wizo, Caracas, Venezuela
- A Selection of Important Sculpture, Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK
- The Human Touch, Harris Museum and Art Gallery, Preston, UK
- Sculptures de Vingtième Siècle, JGM (Jean-Gabriel Mitterand) Galerie, Paris, France
- Biennale Venice, Italy
- Modern British Sculpture from the collection, Tate Gallery, Liverpool, UK
 
1987
- Citra Kala Parishad, Bangalore, India
- Prince of Wales Museum, Bombay, India
- Twentieth Century British Art: Collectors' Items, Crane Kalman Gallery, London, UK
- British Art 1920-1960, Part II: The Fifties, Blond Fine Art, London, UK
- L'Art en Europe, Musée d'Art Moderne, Saint-Étienne, France
- A Tribute to Sculpture 1877-1987, Fischer Fine Art, London, UK
  
1986
- City Museum, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Lalit Kala Akademi Galleries, Delhi, India
- Birla Academy, Calcutta, India
- Lalit Kala Akademi Galleries, Madras, India
- Forty Years of Modern Art 1945-1985, Tate Gallery, London, UK
- British Sculpture 1950-1965, New Art Centre, London, Uk
- Masters of Modern British Art, Odette Gilbert Gallery, London, UK
- The Foundation Veranneman Invites Marlborough, Kruishoutem, Belgium
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- Galerie Aeblegaarden, Copenhagen, Denmark (with Victor Pasmore)

1985
- Burleighfield Bronzes Foundry Artists, Alwin Gallery, London, UK
- Recalling the Fifties: British Painting and Sculpture 1950-60, Serpentine Gallery, London, UK
- Recent work by Frank Auerbach, Lynn Chadwick, Christopher Couch, John Davies, John Farnham, Bill Jacklin, Andrzej Jackowski, Henry Moore, Victor Newsome, Hugh O'Donnell, John Piper, John Wonnacott, Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK
- Sculptures, Fondation Cartier, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Twentieth Century International Sculpture, McMaster University Art Gallery, Hamilton, Canada
- 133rd Annual Exhibition, Royal West of England Academy, Bristol, UK
- Galerie Ninety-nine, Bay Harbor Islands, Florida, USA

1984
- Summer Exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts, London, UK
- English Contrasts: Peintres et Sculpteurs Anglais 1950-1960, Artcurial, Paris, France
- Masters of Modern and Contemporary Sculpture, Marlborough Gallery, London, UK

1983
- Chicago International Art Exposition, Navy Pier, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Paintings by Auerbach, Bacon, Botero, Kitaj, Pasmore, Sutherland; Sculpture by Chadwick, Hepworth, Lipchitz, Moore, Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK
- Christie's Contemporary Art, New York, USA

1982
- An Exhibition of Sculpture from the British Council's Permanent Collection, Jordanian National Gallery, Amman, Jordan
- Sculpture at Wells, Cathedral Cloister, Wells, UK
- Sculpture at the Park, Park Gallery, Cheltenham, UK
- Weintraub Gallery, New York, USA
- Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture, Tasende Gallery, La Jolla, California, USA
- 40 years of British Sculpture (touring exhibition from the British Council collection)
- Settlers' Memorial Museum, Grahamstown, South Africa
- Collegium Artisticum Gallery, Sarajevo, Bosnia
- Rodoljub Colakovic Gallery, Belgrade, Serbia
- Museum of Contemporary Art, Skopje, Macedonia
- City Art Gallery, Zagreb, Croatia
- Gallery of Contemporary Art, Ljubljana, Slovenia

1981
- Westkunst: Zeitgenössische Kunst seit 1939, Rheinhallen, Cologne, Germany
- British Sculpture in the Twentieth Century, Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, UK
- Contemporary and XX Century Masters, Galerie Lopes, Zurich, Switzerland

1980
- Skulpturen 1900-1980, Galerie Thomas, Munich, Germany

1979
- British Drawings since 1945, Whitworth Art Gallery, Manchester, UK
- 16th International Summer Exhibition. Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Sculpture Européene, Malou 79, Parc Malou, Brussels, Belgium
 
1978
- Sculpture à la part-dieu, Festival de Lyon, France
- Burleighfield International Arts Centre, Loudwater, High Wycombe, Bucks, UK (with David Burnham)

1977
- A Silver Jubilee Exhibition of Contemporary British Sculpture (presented by London Celebrations Committee, Queen's Silver Jubilee), Battersea Park, London, UK
- 14th Annual Summer Exhibition, Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Carved, Modelled. Constructed: Three Aspects of British 20th Century Sculpture, Tate Gallery, London, UK
 
1976
- International Sculpture, Gallery Moos, Toronto, Canada
- Jule Udstilling: Graphics for Christmas, Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Galerie Farber, Brussels, Belgium
 
 1975
- The British are Coming, De Cordover Museum, Lincoln, Massachusetts, USA
- Biennale de la Critique, Belgium
- Sculpture in Holland Park (presented by the Illustrated London News in conjunction with the Greater London Council), London, UK
- International Summer Exhibition, Paintings, Sculptures, Gouaches, Graphics, Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Anuszkiewicz, Bolotowsky, Chadwick, Dzubar, Vasarely: New Oils, Sculpture and Multiples, Galerie Ninety-nine, Bay Harbor Islands, Florida, USA
- Arnold Bode zum 75. Geburtstag, Kunstverein, Kassel, Germany
- Deutscher und Französischer Kunstwerke des 20. Jahrhunderts, Galerie Wilhelm Grosshennig, Düsseldorf, Germany
 
1974
- XVth Anniversary Exhibition International Sculpture, Gallery Moos, Toronto, Canada
- Twentieth Century Monumental Sculpture, Marlborough Gallery, New York, USA
- Artists' Gold (organized by the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths and Christie's Contemporary Art), Goldsmiths" Hall, London, UK
 
 1973
- Bronze, Silver and Gold (Morris Singer Foundry/Susse Fondeur), Alwin Gallery, London, UK
- IX Concorso Internazionale del Bronzetto, Sala della Ragione, Padua, Italy
- Lithographs from the Curwen Studio: A Retrospective of Fifteen Years Print-Making, Camden Arts Centre, London, UK
 
 1972
- Deutscher und Französischer Kunstwerke des 20. Jahrhunderts, Galerie Wilhelm Grosshennig, Düsseldorf, Germany
 
1971
- IVeme Exposition Internationale de Sculpture Contemporaine, Musée Rodin, Paris Valg I, Town Hall, Gentofte Kommune, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Galleries Art Spectrum South (Arts Council touring exhibition): Oil Paintings, Graphics, Sculpture, Court Gallery, Copenhagen, Denmark
 
1970
- III Exposicion Internacional del Pequeño Bronce Escultores Europeos, Museo Españo! de Arte Contemporáneo, Madrid, Spain
- Biennale voor Beeldhouwkunst, Middelheim Park, Antwerp, Belgium
- Jahrhunderts, Galerie Wilhelm Grosshennig, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Galerie d'Eendt, Amsterdam, Netherlands (with Kumi Sugai)
- Holbaek Museum, Holbaek, Denmark (with Lucebert)
 
1969
- Maison de la Culture, Amiens, France
- Aquarelle, Gouachen, Zeichnungen, Galerie für zeitgenössische Kunst, St Gallen, Switzerland
- First International Exhibition of Modern Sculpture, Hakone Open-Air Museum, Hakone, Kanagawa, Japan
- Drawings by Four British Sculptors (presented by Ministry of Culture by courtesy of British Council), Fine Arts Gallery, Cairo, Egypt
- Recent Aquisitions, Ewan Phillips Gallery, London, UK
- Art et Bijoux, Théâtre Nationale de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium
 
 1968
- A Collector's Exhibition, Winnipeg Art Gallery, Winnipeg, Canada
- Exhibition of Works for Sale in Aid of the York Minster Fund, Sotheby's, London, and Castle Howard, near York, UK
- Scultura Internazionale, Marlborough Galleria d'Arte, Roma, Italy
- Quattordicesima Triennale di Milano, Esposizione Internazionale delle Arti Decorative Industriali Moderne e dell'Architettura Moderna, Palazzo dell'arte al Parco, Milan, Italy
- Musée des Augustines, Toulouse, France
- Arts Festival, Forcalquier, France
- Palais des Beaux-Arts, Lyon, France
- Musée de Rouen, Rouen, France
- Peintures et Sculptures Contemporaines, Galerie Alice Pauli, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Grafik der Erker-Presse, Galerie für zeitgenössische Kunst, St Gallen, Switzerland
 
1967
- International Sculpture (organized by the Carnegie, Dunfermline Trust), Pittencrieff Park, Dunfermline, Scotland
- British Sculpture 1952-1962, North West Arts Festival, Brooke Park Gallery, Londonderry, Nothern Irland
- Ulster Museum, Belfast, Nothern Irland
- Dix Ans d'Art Vivant 1935-1965, Fondation Maeght, Saint-Paul, France
- Kalamazoo Institute of Arts, Michigan, USA
- Expo 67: International Exhibition of Contemporary Sculpture, Ile Sainte-Hélène, Montreal, Canada
- Vancouver Print International, Vancouver Art Gallery, Canada
- Recent British Sculpture, Arts Council of Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Irland
  
1966
- Nieuwe Strominingen in de Britse Grafiek, Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Internationale Beeldententoonstelling, Sonsbeek, Arnhem, Netherlands
- Europese Beeldhouwers Tekenen, Zonnehof, Amersfoort, Netherlands
- 5th International Biennial Exhibition of Prints, National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, Japan
 
1965
- British Sculpture in the Sixties, Tate Gallery, London, UK
- Contemporary British Sculpture (Arts Council open-air touring exhibition)
- Zonnehof, Amersfoort and Het Slot, Zeist, Netherlands
- IV Biennale Internazionale di Scultura, Carrara, Italy
- VI Concorso Internazionale del Bronzetto, Sala della Ragione, Padua, Italy
- A Collector's Choice: XIX & XX Century Paintings and Drawings, Dorsky Gallery, New York, USA
- University of Hartford, Connecticut, USA
- Sculptures from Albert A. List Family Collection, New York Art Center, USA
- Sammlung Sprengel, Kunstverein, Hanover, Germany
- Nine Living British Sculptors (touring exhibition organized by Lalit Kala Akademi in association with the British Council)
- Jehangir Art Gallery, Bombay, India
 
 1964
- Study for an Exhibition of Violence in Contemporary Art, Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, UK
- Arnolfini Gallery, Bristol, UK
- 54-65: Painting and Sculpture of a Decade, Tate Gallery, London, UK
- Profile III: Englische Kunst der Gegenwart, Stadtische Kunstgalerie, Bochum, Germany
- Contemporary British Sculpture (Arts Council open-air touring exhibition)
- London Group Jubilee Exhibition: Fifty Years of British Art 1914-64, Tate Gallery, London, UK
- Peintures Dessins, Sculptures Modernes (sale on behalf of United Nations for refugees in France), Palais Galliera, Paris, UK
- Exhibition of Venice Biennale Prizewinners since 1948, Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Venice, Italy
- Documenta III, Kassel, June-October Figuratie en Defiguratie, Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent, Belgium
- Internationale der Zeichnung, Mathudenhöhe, Darmstadt, Germany
- The Artist's Reality, New School Art Center, New York, USA
- Contemporary British Painting and Sculpture, Albright- Knox Gallery, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Pittsburgh International Exhibition, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Leonard Hutton Gallery, New York, USA

1963
- Sculpture in the Open Air (London County Council exhibition), Battersea Park, London, UK
- 7th Japan International Art Exhibition, Tokyo Biennial, Japan
- Creatura, Museum am Ostwall, Dortmund, Germany
- Zeugnisse der Angst in der Modernen Kunst, Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt, Germany
- Moore, Zajac, and Chadwick, M. Knoedler, New York, USA
- Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy (with Kenneth Armitage)
 
1962
- Collectors' Choice XI, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- Arte Britanica no seculo XX (organized by the British Council), Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
- VII Esposizione Internazionale di Bianco e Nero, Lugano, Switzerland
- Exhibition of New Art, Festival of Labour, Congress House, London, UK
- Festival of Two Worlds, Music and Sculpture, Spoleto, Italy
- Sculpture at the Keukenhof, Netherlands
- 3 Premio Carrara, Biennale Internazionale di Scultura, Carrara, Italy
- 19 Young Sculptors (organized by Gloucester City Council), Hillfeld Gardens, Gloucester, UK
- Sculptors Today, Midland Group Gallery, Nottingham, UK
- International Exhibition and Sale of Contemporary Art for Human Rights and Racial Equality, O'Hana Gallery, London, UK
- British Art Today in the USA
 
1961
- James Thrall Soby Collection (exhibition organized by the Museum of Modern Art, New York), M. Knoedler, New York, USA
- Watercolours and Sculpture, Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK
- The Maremont Collection at the Institute of Design, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- 2ème Exposition Internationale de Sculpture Contemporaine, Musée Rodin, Paris, France
- Some Aspects of 20th Century Art, Marlborough Fine Art, London, UK
- 6e Biennale voor Beeldhouwkunst, Middelheim Park, Antwerp, Belgium
- Artists Support Amnesty for Spanish political prisoners and exiles, Montpellier Galleries (charity auction), London, UK
- De Rodin a Nuestros Dias, Fundación Eugenio Mendoza, Madrid, Spain
- IV Concorso Internazionale del Bronzetto, Sala della Ragione, Padua, Italy
- Pittsburgh International Exhibition of Contemporary Painting and Sculpture, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Recent British Sculpture (British Council touring exhibition circulated in Canada by the National Gallery of Canada, in New Zealand by the Auckland City Art Gallery, in Australia by the State Galleries of Australia)
- An Exhibition of Photographs and Small Sculptures from the Collection of the British Council (touring exhibition to West Germany, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Poland, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Australia)
- Peter Lanyon, William Scott, Lynn Chadwick, Merlyn Evans, VI Bienal de São Paulo, Museu de Arte Moderna, Brasil
 
1960
- Contemporary British Sculpture (Arts Council open-air touring exhibition)
- Cent Sculpteurs de Daumier à nos Jours, Musée d'Art et d'Industrie, Saint-Étienne, France
- Beeldententoonstelling Floriade, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Kestner-Gesellschaft, Hanover, Germany (with Kenneth Armitage)

1959
- 5e Biennale voor Beeldhouwkunst, Middelheim Park, Antwerp, Belgium
- Tekeningen van Beeldhouwers Ige en 20e eeuw, Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, Otterlo, Netherlands
- 2 Premio Carrara. Biennale Internazionale di Scultura, Carrara, Italy
- Kunst nach 1945, Documenta II, Kassel, Germany
- Post-War English Sculpture, Paris Gallery, London, UK
- I Concorso Internazionale del Bronzetto, Sala della Ragione, Padua, Italy
- John Moores Liverpool Exhibition 2, Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool, UK
- Fourteen European Sculptors, Staempfli Gallery, New York, USA
 
1958
- Sculpture 1950-1958, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Ohio, USA
- Bildhauer-Zeichnungen des 20. Jahrhunderts, Städtisches Kunstmuseum, Duisburg, Germany
- A Private Exhibition of Contemporary British Paintings, Sculpture and Drawings, British Embassy, Brussels, Belgium
- 50 Ans d'Art Moderne, Palais International des Beaux-Arts, Brussels, Belgium
- Four English Artists: Moore, Sutherland, UK
- Chadwick, Armitage, Galleria Blu, Milan, Italy
- Pittsburgh Bicentennial International, Pennsylvania, USA
- Exhibition of Contemporary Painting and Sculpture, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
 
1957
- Contemporary Art - Acquisitions 1954-1957, Albright Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Sculpture 1850 and 1950 (London County Council exhibition), Holland Park, London, UK
- 4° Biennale voor Beeldhouwkunst, Middelheim Park, Antwerp, Belgium
- Summer Exhibition, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- Internationaler Bericht der Gesellschaft der Freunde junger Kunst, Kunsthalle, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Diez jóvenes escultores Británicos, IV Bienal do Museu de Arte Moderna, São Paulo, Brasil
- Englische Graphik der Gegenwart, Saarlandmuseum, Saarbrücken, Germany
 
1956
- XXVIII Biennale, Venice, Italy (with Ivon Hitchens)
- Society of Sculptors and Associates, David Jones Gallery, Sydney, Australia
- The Seasons (organized by the Contemporary Art Society), Tate Gallery, London, UK
- Artists of Fame and of Promise (presented by the Leicester Galleries), Brown Thomas Little Theatre, Dublin, Irland
- Britisk Kunst 1900-1955, Kunstforening, Copenhagen, Denmark
- British Nátidskunst, Kunstnernes Hus, Oslo, Norway
- Exposition Internationale de Sculpture Contemporaine, Musée Rodin, Paris, France
- An Exhibition of Contemporary British Art, Silbermann Galleries, New York, USA
- Mostra dei Premiati alla XXVIII Biennale, Messina, Italy

1955
- Young British Sculptors (touring exhibition organized by the Arts Club of Chicago in collaboration with the British Council)
- The New Decade: 22 European Painters and Sculptors, Museum of Modern Art, New York, May-August, and subsequently at:
   Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minnesota, USA
   Los Angeles County Museum, California, USA
   San Francisco Museum of Art, California, USA
- Summer Exhibition, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- Eisenplastik, Kunsthalle, Berne, July-August Documenta: Kunst des XX. Jahrhunderts, Kassel, Germany
- Twentieth Century Sculpture (Victoria and Albert Museum Circulation Department), Harrogate Art Gallery, UK
- 54th London Group, Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, UK
- Contemporary Painters, Sculptors and Craftsmen, City Art Gallery, Leeds, UK
- Junge Englische Bildhauer (organized in association with the British Council)

1954
- Sculpture in the Open Air,London County, UK
- Council Third International Exhibition), Holland Park, London, UK
- Of Light and Colour, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- British Painting & Sculpture, Whitechapel Art Gallery, LondonLondon Group, New Burlington Galleries, London, UK
- Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle, UK
- New Burlington Galleries, London, UK

1953
- The Unknown Political Prisoner (sponsored by the Institute of Contemporary Arts) Tate Gallery, London, UK
- IX° Salon de Mai, Palais de New York, Paris, France
- Sculpture in the Home (Arts Council touring exhibition)
- College of Art, Gloucester, UK
- Cotton Board, Manchester, UK
- Temple Newsam House, Leeds, UK
- County Museum, Warwick, UK
- School of Art, Glasgow, Scottland
- Art Gallery, Aberdeen, Scottland
- School of Art, Great Yarmouth, UK
- 2° Biennale de la Sculpture, Middelheim Park, Antwerp, Belgium
- Collectors' Choice, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- 52nd London Group, New Burlington Galleries, London, UK
 
1952
- Seven British Contemporary Artists, Black Hall, Oxford, UK
- New Aspects of British Sculpture, XXVI Biennale, Venice, Italy
- Summer Exhibition, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- 51st London Group, New Burlington Galleries, London, UK
- Galerie de France, Paris, France
- Gimpel Fils, London, UK (with Roger Hilton)
 
1951
- American Abstract Artists group, 15th Anniversary Invitation Exhibition, Riverside Gallery, New York, USA
- Festival of Britain, South Bank, London, UK
- Sculpture: Second International Exhibition of Sculpture, London, UK
- Council in association with the Arts Council), Battersea Park, London, UK
- British Abstract Art, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- 50th London Group, New Burlington Galleries, London, UK
 
1949
- Summer Exhibition, Gimpel Fils, London, UK
- 48th London Group, New Burlington Galleries, London, UK

public collections

Australia
- Art Gallery of South Australia, Adelaide
- Western Australian Art Gallery, Perth
- Art Gallery NSW, Sydney
 
Belgium
- Openluchtmuseum voor Beeldhouwkunst, Middelheim, Antwerp
- Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, Brussels
 
Bermuda
- National Gallery, Hamilton, Ontario
 
Canada
- Art Gallery of Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario
- Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal, Quebec
- Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario
- Ontario College of Art, Toronto, Ontario
- Winnipeg Art Gallery, Winnipeg, Manitoba 
 
Denmark
- Nordjyllands Kunstmuseum, Aalborg
- Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humblebaek
- Randers Kunstmuseum, Randers
 
Finland
- Marie-Louise and Gunnar Didrichsen Art Museum, Helsinki
 
France
- Musée de Grenoble, Grenoble
- Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris
- Musee Rodin, Paris
- Le Parc du Château, Saint-Priest
 
Germany
- Nationalgalerie-Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
- Wilhelm-Lehmbruck Museum der Stadt Duisburg
- Museum Folkwang, Essen
- Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg
- Sprengel Museum, Hanover
- Museen der Stadt, Köln
- Stadtische Kunsthalle, Mannheim
- Museum at the University of Marburg, Marburg
- Museen der Stadt Recklinghausen, Recklinghausen
- Saarland-Museum, Saarbrücken
- Von der Heydt-Museum, Wuppertal
 
Ireland
- Irish Museum of Modern Art, Dublin
 
Israel
- Israel Museum, Jerusalem
- The Jerusalem Foundation, Jerusalem
- Tel Aviv Museum, Tel Aviv
 
Italy
- Pinacoteca dell'Accademia di Belle Arti, Carrara
- Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Rome
- City of Spoleto, Spoleto
- Galleria Civica d'Arte Moderna, Spoleto
- Museo Civico, Turin
- Museo d'Arte Moderna, Venice
- Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice
- Collezione Tonelli, Milan, Italy
 
Jamaica
- National Gallery of Jamaica, Kingston
 
Japan
- Hakone Open-Air Museum, Hakone
- Museum of Himeji, Himeji
- Ibaragi Museum of Art, Ibaragi
- Kiyose Keyaki Roadgallery III, Kiyose
- Science Museum of Osaka
- Tokushima Museum of Modern Art, Tokushima
- Museum of Modern Art, Toyama
- Museum of Modern Art, Uehara
 
Mexico
- Museo Rufino Tamayo Arte Contemporáneo
- Internacional, Mexico City
 
Monaco
- Collection of the Principality of Monaco, Monte Carlo
 
The Netherlands
- Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller, Otterlo
- The Caldic Collection, Rotterdam
- Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam
 
Norway
- Nasjonalgalleriet, Oslo
- Ekeberg Sculpture Park, Oslo
 
Peru
- Instituto de Artes Contemporáneas, Lima
 
Portugal
- The Berardo Collection, Lisbon
 
South Africa
- South African National Gallery, Cape Town
 
Sweden
- Göteborgs Konstmuseum, Göthenburg
- Moderna Museet, Stockholm
 
United Kingdom
- City Museums and Art Gallery, Birmingham
- Bolton Museum and Art Gallery, Bolton
- South Hill Park Arts Centre, Bracknell
- Bradford Art Galleries and Museum, Bradford
- City of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, Bristol
- National Museum of Wales, Cardiff
- University of Gloucester, formerly Cheltenham and Gloucester College of Higher Education, Cheltenham
- Cheltenham Museum and Art Gallery, Cheltenham
- Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh
- City Museum and Art Gallery, Gloucester
- Harlow Art Trust, Harlow
- The Henry Moore Institute, The Centre for the Study of Sculpture, Leeds
- Arts Council of Great Britain, London
- British Council, London
- Contemporary Art Society, London
- Merchant Taylors' School, London
- Royal Academy of Arts, London
- Tate Britain, London, formerly Tate Gallery
- Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough
- Whitworth Art Gallery, University of Manchester, Manchester
- Williamson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester
- Laing Art Gallery, Newcastle Upon Lyne
- Robert and Lisa Sainsbury Collection, University of East Anglia, Norwich
- Castle Museum, Nottingham
- Pembroke College, Oxford
- ILEA Thames Polytechnic, Roehampton
- Yorkshire Sculpture Park, Wakefield
- The Ingram Collection of Modern British Art, The Lightbox, Woking
 
United States Of America
- Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art, Phoenix, Arizona
- Franklin D. Murphy Sculpture Garden, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), California
- Palm Springs Desert Museum, Palm Springs, California
- Stanford University Museum of Art, Stanford, California
- Bechtler Museum of Modern Art at Levine Center for the Arts, Charlotte, North Carolina
- Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, Connecticut
- Bruce Museum of Arts & Sciences, Greenwich, Connecticut
- Lowe Art Museum, University of Miami, Florida
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
- Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Smart Museum of Art at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Ball State University Museum of Art, Muncie, Indiana
- Museum of Modern Art, New York
- Nelson A. Rockefeller Collection, New York
- Edwin A. Ulrich Museum of Art, Wichita State University, Memorial Art Gallery, Museum of Art, Rochester, New Wichita, Kansas
- New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus, Ohio
- Portland Art Museum, Oregon
- Colby College, Bixler Art and Music Center, Waterville, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- University of Michigan Museum of Art (UMMA), Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Carnegie Museum of Art, formerly Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- The Frederik Meijer Gardens and Sculpture Park, Michigan
- Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian
- City Art Museum of Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Institution, Washington DC
- Hood Museum of Art, Dartmouth College, New Hampshire
- Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York
- Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
 
Venezuela
- Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Sofia Imber, Caracas
 

awards

2004
- Awarded the Goldhill Award for Sculpture, Royal Academy of Arts
2001
- Elected Senior Royal Academician, Royal Academy of Arts, London
1998
- Honorary Fellow, Bath Spa University College, Bath
1995
- Honorary Fellow, Cheltenham & Gloucester College of Higher Education
1995
- Created Associate, Academie Royale de Belgique
1993
- Created Commandeur, Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, France
1988
- Appointed to the Order of Andres Bello, First Class, Venezuela
1965
- Elected member of the Academia di San Luca, Rome
1962
- Artist in residence for a term at Ontario College of Art, Toronto, Canada
- Prize winner at VII Esposizione di Bianco e Nero, Lugano, Italy
1956
- International Sculpture Prize, Venice Biennale 1956, British Pavilion, Italy
 

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Lynn Chadwick: Abstract Artist

by Edward Lucie-Smith

Edward Lucie-Smith is a British poet, art critic, and cultural historian known for his accessible writing style and significant contributions to contemporary art appreciation. He has authored numerous books on art and lectured extensively on cultural topics.



Though Lynn Chadwick’s reputation has now made a remarkable recovery from the loss of momentum he experienced during a certain period in his  career, he remains, to some extent at least, an unplaceable figure in the  history of British and European sculpture of the mid- and late 20th century.   Art historians and art lovers are of course aware that he was a leading figure in the generation that followed that of Barbara Hepworth and Henry Moore, but they had, and continue to have, difficulty in placing his work in the sequence of development that leads up to, then away from, the work of these two sculptors. The situation has been further confused by what has happened to the notion of sculpture. The avant-garde artists of the closing decades of the 20th century expanded the meaning of the term until it more or less burst. It now seemed that anything could be sculpture – an installation made of recycled materials, a written text, a quasi-theatrical performance, a hike across a tract of deserted countryside with no-one to witness it, or even a complete life-style – eating, sleeping, talking, walking, dreaming, defecating. Chadwick’s sudden success in the 1950s, which culminated in the award  of the International Prize for Sculpture at the Venice Biennale of 1956, was  a defining event in his career, which occurred a full decade before the  developments just mentioned began to take hold. But defining in what way? Looking back now, from a time more than half-a-century later, it looks like a blessing that was also a curse. It inevitably aroused a good deal of jealousy. The prize had looked like a shoo-in for Giacometti, whose work was being exhibited in the French pavilion that year. A large part of the European art world regarded Chadwick’s success as an act of lèse majesté, adroitly engineered by perfidious Albion through its official instrument the British Council. The main problem, however, was that it tended to turn Chadwick into an official artist, the anointed heir apparent, as far as the British establishment was concerned, to the dominant genius of Henry Moore. This was a slot that Chadwick was not suited to occupy, for reasons already obvious to himself,  if not to the art world that surrounded him. In his introductory essay to the catalogue raisonné of Chadwick’s sculptures, Dennis Farr notes the support offered to Chadwick and other British sculptors of the immediately post-war period by the influential critic Herbert Read. 

A leading intellectual of the period, Read was a man deeply marked both by his experiences in the trenches during World War I and by witnessing the genocide and atomic terror of World War II. Confronted with a new generation of British sculptors – Chadwick, Robert Adams, Kenneth Armitage, Reg Butler, gGeoffrey Clarke, Bernard Meadows, Eduardo Paolozzi and William Turnbull – he wanted to see them as fully representative, creatively and psychologically, of the ruined world they had inherited. ‘Here,’ he said, ‘are images of flight, of ragged claws “scuttling across the floors of silent seas”’ of excoriated flesh, frustrated sex, the geometry of fear.’ The phrase ‘the geometry of fear’, so neatly and completely memorable, was to be a tin can tied to Chadwick’s tail, and to those of most  of the other sculptors mentioned above. Chadwick was not immune to the political and emotional climate of his time. He was, for example, one of twelve semi-finalists for the Unknown Political  Prisoner International Sculpture Competition organized by the Institute of  Contemporary Arts in London in 1953, but, as Dennis Farr tells us ‘The sculptor affirmed there were no literary associations in his mind.’ The austere formality of his maquette tells us why he did not win the competition – the organizers were looking for something more overtly emotional, and found it in the  work of Reg Butler. The exhibition commemorated in this publication is intended to ask questions about the true nature of Chadwick’s work and his creative development.  It focuses on sculptures that are either completely non-representational,  or that carry the abstraction of human and animal forms to extremes. These  are not Chadwick’s very earliest works – they date from the 1950s and 1960s.  None of his early mobiles are included. during the period when they were made, Chadwick also made some sculptures that are more directly figurative. He was never doctrinaire about the division between figuration and abstraction. He always seems to have seen things that could be called figurative and things that could be described as abstract as blending seamlessly into one another. Figurative reference was a matter of impulse and creative convenience.  It was also a matter of wit. As the titles he gave to his sculptures sometimes show, Chadwick was amused by visual puns. Chadwick  was also capable of satirizing his eminent contemporaries.  One sculpture included here – Sitting Figure VI – obviously asks to be read as a parody of Henry Moore’s increasingly grandiose reclining nudes, where the sections of the body are sometimes divided in much the same way. In fact, one distinguishing mark of the sculptures brought together here is their playfulness. They juggle with forms, and they juggle with ideas. However, the realm of ideas that they explore has been deliberately limited. One of the characteristics of Henry Moore’s sculpture – noted by every  commentator – was  Moore’s preoccupation with the sculptural masterpieces of the past. Moore belonged to a generation that had become fully aware, through the rise of the illustrated book, of the huge variety of different kinds of sculpture produced by artists from many regions of the world, from the time of the Paleolithic onwards. This interest was codified, shortly after world war II, in a remarkable two volume work called  Le musée imaginaire de la sculpture mondiale, written by the celebrated French author André Malraux, and first published in 1952. Chadwick seems to have been largely indifferent to this  current of thought – his interests were focused on the contemporary world. what were his formative influences? First of all, his early experience, during the 1930s, as an architectural draftsman, working for some of the handful of Modernist architects working in Britain at that time. Second, I would suggest, though this is seldom mentioned in texts about Chadwick’s work, his service as  a pilot in the Fleet Air Arm during World War II. When he was demobilized, in the spring of 1944, he returned to architecture, but to do work of a rather humble sort. He worked on designs for prefabricated houses, and also on exhibition design. The interesting thing about this background is its insistent reference,  not only to what was logical, in terms of fabrication, but also to what was  lightweight, and economical in its use of materials. Some of the architectural allusions are fairly obvious. Many of the sculptures in the exhibition consist  of quite bulky forms raised on slender legs – an obvious allusion to the pilotis  beloved by Le Corbusier and his disciples. The irregular, quasi-spherical shape of Chadwick’s Moon of Alabama, created from a web of interlocking triangles, can be seen as something that alludes to constructional principles used by Buckminster Fuller in his designs for the Dymaxion House. Triangles are the basic shape used to generate a huge variety of forms. Sometimes these forms are entirely abstract, without any kind of figurative  reference – this is true of the Pyramids series, for example – and sometimes they are figurative. Inquisitor, for instance, is a sinister figure with a pointed  hat or hood, wearing a sweeping cloak. One of the most interesting things about the sculptures is Chadwick’s ability to generate forms related to nature from stringently geometrical basic shapes. Kink is like a twisting stem. It makes us  think of a seedling bursting out of the soil, in the first urgency of growth. Yet it is, nevertheless, something created from elongated triangles interspersed with a few elongated rectangles. I said that it seemed to me that Chadwick’s wartime service in the Fleet Air Arm had had an influence on the direction taken by his sculpture. Most people, asked to consider this, would look at the very early mobiles, with their hovering, f lying forms, or at the winged figures of the 1950s, which are the currently  unacknowledged but obvious predecessors to Antony Gormley’s Angel of  the North. Neither of these aspects of Chadwick’s output is represented here. Rather it is when one thinks of actual aircraft construction that one begins to see the link. Aircraft of the type that Chadwick flew in the war were essentially thin skins of metal, braced by frames that were designed to combine optimum lightness with maximum strength. Many of the abstract sculptures here seem to embrace a very similar design philosophy. Though quite a number of the Chadwick abstract sculptures are pierced through, in a way that, at first glance, might seem to be reminiscent  of Moore, the physical effect is very different. we read the sculptures, not as solids, but as voids. Even when the volume is completely enclosed, we are aware that what we are looking at is essentially a skin – a skin enclosing an empty space. There is a comparison to be made here that may at first sight seem absurd – to Jeff Koons’s polished metal sculptures based on balloons. With these – the big balloon dog, for example – we are aware that the shape  we are looking at is created by air or gas pressing from within. This raises a number of questions about Chadwick’s exact position in the sculptural tradition. Basically, Henry Moore was, though in a very loose sense, a classical artist. The reclining figures on which so much of his reputation rests can be related, though their gender is not the same, to the Theseus from the Parthenon pediment that is now in the British Museum. The helmet forms  he adopted for some of his heads are linked to the shapes of Greek helmets.  These echoes are absent from Chadwick’s work. The abstract sculptures enable us to see him as being in a very real sense  a formal innovator – much more so, perhaps, than critics realized when he  was at the height of his early success. He does not refer to classical sources,  nor does he refer to the ethnographic ones that influenced so much early  Modernist sculpture. Even his Pyramid sculptures seem to have little to  do with pyramids as the ancient Egyptians understood them. The only possible source of this kind that occurs to me is entirely surprising, and to my knowledge it has never been mentioned in the now quite extensive literature about Chadwick’s work. It is Japanese origami. When one looks at Maquette X Beast, one of the few directly figurative sculptures in this collection,  it is easy to think of it as having started life as a single sheet of ingeniously folded paper. What this tells us is I think something fundamental to an understanding  of Chadwick’s work taken in general. Though his sculptures are often more closely related to Modernist architectural concepts than they are to the main Modernist tradition in sculpture, he remains a committed Modernist artist.  His approach to the tradition he inherited is, however, unusual in Britain.  When one looks at many of these sculptures what springs to mind, in addition to Japanese origami, is the structures one sees in the drawings of Paul Klee. Klee was the most playful of all the major Modernist pioneers. He created  a personal universe that has links to the age-old tradition of caricature on the one hand, and to 20th century Science Fiction illustration on the other.  What happens in this universe is always spiced with humour. Chadwick’s  abstract sculptures strike me as being playful in a very similar way. He juggles with forms, but maintains control of the creative process by using a restricted vocabulary of shapes. The basic nature of the shapes is, in a certain sense,  a courtesy to the viewer. Because the units from which the sculptures are built  up are simple, it is easy for the spectator to understand the hugely varied way in which they are deployed. Chadwick uses these shapes in rather the same  way that certain composers use small clusters of notes in music. In a famous phrase, Klee once said, “A drawing is simply a line going for  a walk.” Chadwick was never a real enthusiast for the act of drawing. He did make them, but usually for strictly practical purposes, not as ends in themselves. Looking at his abstract and near abstract work, however, one can rephrase  this pronouncement to read, “A sculpture is a collection of shapes undertaking a journey.” The online glossary of art terms provided by the Tate Galleries says that the phrase ‘Process Art’ is a “Term applied to art in which the process of its making is not hidden but remains a prominent aspect of the completed work so that  a part or even the whole of its subject is the making of the work.” Chadwick  is not one of the artists cited in relation to this. They range from Richard Serra and Robert Morris to Michael Craig-Martin. Yet it does seem to me that many  of Chadwick’s abstract sculptures are records of a meditation about how  sculpture is made. The question preoccupying the sculptor often seems to be “What will happen if…” In other words, the forms are not wholly premeditated. They develop logically, but the train of thought is allowed to remain open ended. And this makes these sculptures some of the most original and daring products of their time.